Die Regulierung von Zusatzrenten in Europa: Kollektive Rechte und soziale Ungleichheit

Projektleiter/innen Prof. Dr. Bernhard Ebbinghaus, Giuliano Bonoli Mitarbeiter/innen Mareike Gronwald, Tobias Wiß, Jörg Neugschwender, Isabelle Schulze DFG-gefördert 2005 – 2011

Forschungsfrage/Ziel:

Die zunehmende Bedeutung privater Zusatzrenten in Europa wirft grundsätzliche Fragen über die Absicherung von partizipativen und sozialen Rechten von Arbeitnehmern auf. Der Umfang, die Leistungsberechnung und die Finanzierungsmodalitäten variieren je nach staatlicher bzw. kollektiver Regulierung der Zusatzrenten. Mit Hilfe von Länderstudien verglich das von der DFG geförderte internationale GOSPE-Projekt die Entwicklung von Zusatzrentensystemen, insbesondere die Rolle des Staates und der Sozialpartner bei der Regulierung betrieblicher, tarifvertraglicher und individueller privater Altersvorsorge. Es wurde untersucht, inwieweit verschiedene soziale Gruppen durch Zusatzrenten abgesichert sind, wie ihre Interessen in den Zusatzrentensystemen repräsentiert werden und wie dies ihr Renteneinkommen beeinflusst. Der Vergleich von Deutschland mit neun euro¬päischen Ländern (Belgien, Dänemark, Finnland, Frankreich, Italien, Niederlande, Schweden, Schweiz, Großbritannien) bietet ausreichend Variationen an Alterssicherungssystemen, um deren unterschiedliche Wirkung auf den Deckungsgrad, die Leistungszusammensetzung und das Risikopooling zu beleuchten.
Aufbauend auf zehn Länderstudien durch internationale Expertenteams untersuchten drei vergleichende Analysen die langfristige Entwicklung staatlicher und privater Alterssicherungssysteme, die Variationen in den Governance-Strukturen von privaten Zusatzrenten sowie die Auswirkung dieser Alterssicherungssysteme auf gegenwärtige und zukünftige soziale Ungleichheit im Alter. Die Ergebnisse wurden im Sammelband The Varieties of Pension Governance bei Oxford University Press 2011 veröffentlicht. Außerdem wurden drei Dissertationsprojekte im Kontext des Projektes bearbeitet.
Das Ziel des Projektes war es zur vergleichenden Analyse des institutionellen Wandels der öffentlichen bzw. privaten Altersvorsoge und deren Reformen beizutragen. Das Projekt verdeutlicht die pfadabhängige Entwicklung der Mehrsäulen- Rentensysteme: Die Beverdige-Systeme entwickelten schon früh kapitalfinanzierten Renten, während die Bismarckschen Rentensysteme dies später entwickelten. Die Governanceformen und Regulierungsmodi der privaten Altersvorsorge variieren zwischen wenig Regulierung in liberalen Marktwirtschaften und strikterer Regulierung in einigen koordinierten Marktwirtschaften, insbesondere in der tarifvertraglichen oder obligatorischen privaten Altersvorsorge. Diese Variationen sind für die Einkommensungleichheit von Bedeutung, besonders für den Deckungsgrad der privaten Altersvorsorge und den Anteil an den gesamten Renteneinkommen.


Publikationen

Monographie

  • Wiß, Tobias (2011): Der Wandel der Alterssicherung in Deutschland. Die Rolle der Sozialpartner. 300. Wiesbaden, VS Verlag. More
  • Schulze, Isabelle (2007): Der Einfluss von Wahlsystemen auf Politikinhalte. Electoral Threat in der Rentenpolitik. 265. Baden-Baden, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft. More
  • Gronwald, Mareike (2007): Entwicklungstendenzen westeuropäischer Wohlfahrtsstaaten. Zur Rentenreform in Schweden, Großbritannien und Deutschland. 115. Saarbrücken, VDM Verlag Dr. Müller. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2006): Reforming Early Retirement in Europe, Japan and the USA. 352. Oxford, UK, Oxford University Press. More

Herausgeberschaften

  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (Eds.) (2011): The Varieties of Pension Governance. Pension Privatization in Europe. 440. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More
  • Immergut, Ellen M., Karen M. Anderson, Isabelle Schulze (Eds.) (2007): The Handbook of West European Pension Politics. 932. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More

Buchkapitel

  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2011): Introduction: Studying pension privatization in Europe. 3-22. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard, Mareike Gronwald (2011): The Changing Public-Private Pension Mix in Europe: From path dependence to path departure. 23-53. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard, Mareike Gronwald, Tobias Wiß (2011): Germany: Departing from Bismarckian public pension. 119-150. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard, Tobias Wiß (2011): The governance and regulation of private pensions in Europe. 351-383. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard, Jörg Neugschwender (2011): The public-private pension mix and old age income inequality in Europe. 384-422. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More
  • Kenworthy, Lane, Alexander Hicks (Eds.) Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2008): Comparative Regime Analysis: Early Exit from Work in Europe, Japan, and the USA. 260-289. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan. More
  • Immergut, Ellen M., Karen M. Anderson (Eds.) Schulze, Isabelle (2007): Luxembourg: an electoral system with panache. 804-853. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More
  • Immergut, Ellen M., Karen M. Anderson (Eds.) Schulze, Isabelle, Martin Schludi (2007): Austria: from electoral cartels to competitive coalition-building. 555-604. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More
  • Immergut, Ellen M., Karen M. Anderson (Eds.) Schulze, Isabelle, Michael Moran (2007): United Kingdom: pension politics in an adversarial system. 49-96. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More
  • Immergut, Ellen M., Karen M. Anderson (Eds.) Schulze, Isabelle, Michael Moran (2007): Ireland: Pensioning the ‘Celtic Tiger’. 758-803. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More
  • Immergut, Ellen M., Karen M. Anderson (Eds.) Schulze, Isabelle, Sven Jochem (2007): Germany: beyond policy gridlock. 660-710. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More
  • Immergut, Ellen M. (Eds.) Anderson, Karen M., Sanneke Kuipers, Isabelle Schulze, Wendy van den Nouland (2007): Belgium: linguistic veto players and pension reform. 297-346. Oxford, Oxford University Press. More
  • Rehberg, Karl-Siegbert (Eds.) Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2006): Die sozialen Risken der neuen Alterssicherungssysteme. 473-488. Frankfurt, Campus. More

Zeitschriftenartikel

  • Wiß, Tobias (2012): Der Ausbau der betrieblichen Altersvorsorge: Soziale Ungleichheiten für Beschäftigte bei gleichzeitiger Wiederbelebung der Sozialpartner. Sozialer Fortschritt, 61, 7, 165-172. More
  • Wiß, Tobias (2012): Rentenprivatisierung in Bismarck-Ländern: Zur Rolle der Sozialpartner als Vetospieler. Politische Vierteljahresschrift, 53, 3, 467-492. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard, Tobias Wiß (2011): Taming pension fund capitalism in Europe: collective and state regulation in times of crisis. Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, 17, 1, 15-28. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2011): The role of trade unions in European pension reforms: From "old" to "new" politics?. European Journal of Industrial Relations, 17, 4, 315-331. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard, Isabelle Schulze (2007): Krise und Reform der Alterssicherung in Europa. Archiv für Sozialgeschichte, 47, 269-296. More

Präsentationen

  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2014): Der Wandel der Alterssicherung und Alterseinkommen in Europa. [FNA-Jahrestagung "Alterssicherung und die Entwicklung in Europa", Berlin, 22/01/2014 - 23/01/2014]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2013): Second Thoughts on the Multi-Pillar Paradigm: Pension Privatization Facing the Financial Crisis. [SASE 25th Conference, "States in Crisis", Milano, 26/07/2013 - 28/07/2013]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2012): The Governance of Funded Pensions in Europe – Lessons from the Financial Crisis?. [AIAS Seminar, University of Amsterdam, 18/04/2012 - 18/04/2012]. More
  • Wiß, Tobias, Bernhard Ebbinghaus (2011): Regulating funded pensions in times of crisis: A western European comparison. [GUSTO pensions workshop, University of Warwick, 05/01/2011 - 06/01/2011]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2011): Pension Reforms in Europe: Global and National Challenges. [Toward 'Social Europe'? National Welfare States and European Union Social Policy, Seattle, University of Washington, 27/04/2011 - 28/04/2011]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2011): The role of trade unions in European pension reforms: From old to new politics?. [RECWOWE final conference: “Work and welfare in Europe: New compromises or ongoing demise?”, Brussels, 14/06/2011 - 16/06/2011]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard, Tobias Wiß (2011): Regulating funded pensions in times of crisis: A western European comparison. [18th International Conference of Europeanists, Barcelona, 19/06/2011 - 21/06/2011]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2011): The Role of Trade Unions in Pension Policy-making and Private Pension Governance in Europe. [“Public-Private Pension Mix” Workshop, ETUI, Brussels, 26/10/2011 - 27/10/2011]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2011): The Governance of European Pension Fund Capitalism in Times of Uncertainty. [Economic Sociology Seminar, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 01/11/2011 - 01/11/2011]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2011): Embedded pension reforms in Europe: The forces toward a renewed welfare system for the elderly. [9th Annual ESPAnet Conference, Valencia, 07/09/2011 - 09/09/2011]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2011): Regulating funded pensions in times of crisis: A western European comparison. [SASE 23rd Annual Conference, Madrid, 22/06/2011 - 24/06/2011]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard, Elias Naumann (2011): The Dynamics of Individual Attitudes towards Pension Policies in Times of Welfare State Retrenchment. [Workshop on The Political Economy of Reforms, SFB 884, Universität Mannheim, 08/12/2011 - 09/12/2011]. More
  • Gronwald, Mareike (2010): Different Paths to Pension System Change in Europe. [Changing social policy in a cross-national perspective: methods and policy area specifities. ESPAnet Doctoral Workhop, Paris, Maison des sciences économiques, 07/04/2010 - 09/04/2010]. More
  • Gronwald, Mareike (2010): Auf dem Weg zum Mehrsäulenmodell? Prozesse und Strategien des institutionellen Wandels in der Alterssicherung im Vergleich. [9. Graduiertenkolloquium des Forschungsnetzwerkes Alterssicherung, Berlin, 07/07/2010 - 08/07/2010]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2010): Welfare state regimes and the life course: the case of retirement . [SOCLIFE Workshop, Universität zu Köln, 18/02/2010 - 18/02/2010]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2010): The Role of Social Partners in European Pension Reforms: From ‘Old’ to ‘New’ Politics?. [RECWOWE Workshop, London School of Economics, 11/03/2010 - 11/03/2010]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2010): The Political Economy of Pension Governance – Regulating the Privatization of Financial Risks. [Council for European Studies (CES) Annual Conference, Montreal, 14/04/2010 - 16/04/2010]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard, Tobias Wiß (2010): Varieties of Pension Governance: The Regulation of Private Pensions in Europe. [GUSTO Workshop: “Pension Privatization in Crisis?”, University of Warwick, 25/05/2010 - 26/05/2010]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard, Tobias Wiß (2010): Regulating Private Pensions in Times of Crisis: Short-term and Long-term Consequences. [European Social Policy Analysis Network (ESPAnet) Conference, Budapest, 04/09/2010 - 07/09/2010]. More
  • Wiß, Tobias (2010): Sozialpartner in der Alterssicherung: Möglichkeiten und Auswirkungen. [9. Graduiertenkolloquium des Forschungsnetzwerkes Alterssicherung (FNA), Berlin, 07/07/2010 - 08/07/2010]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2010): Overcoming the Old and Toward a New Welfare Stystem for the Elderly?. [The Politics of the New Welfare State, Robert Schuman Centre, EUI, Flroence, 13/10/2010 - 14/10/2010]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2010): The Political Economy of Pension Reforms: Past and Current Challenges. [Seminar on New Challenges and Answers in the Post-Industrial Welfare State, Hertie School of Governance, Berlin, 04/10/2010 - 04/10/2010]. More
  • Wiß, Tobias (2009): Die Rolle der Sozialpartner im System der Alterssicherung. [Changing Welfare States, Changing Theoretical Concepts? 1st Doctoral Workshop of the German ESPAnet Network, Berlin, WZB, 12/05/2009 - 13/05/2009]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2009): Path Dependency and Departure in Public and Private Pensions in Europe. [ESRC-Seminar Series: Coping with Uncertainty, Cambridge, 12/02/2009 - 12/02/2009]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2009): Pension Systems and Old Age Income in Europe. [flexCAREER Workshop, Universität Bamberg, 14/05/2009 - 15/05/2009]. More
  • Gronwald, Mareike (2009): Paths to 'Multipillarisation' in Old Age Security. An Analysis of Change. [Changing Welfare States, Changing Theoretical Concepts? 1st Doctoral Workshop of the German ESPAnet Group, Berlin, 12/05/2009 - 13/05/2009]. More
  • Gronwald, Mareike (2009): Institutional Change and the 'Multipillarisation' of Pension Systems in Germany and the Netherlands. [Institutional Change. EQUALSOC/TRALEG Workshop, Amsterdam, 17/06/2009 - 18/06/2009]. More
  • Wiß, Tobias, Bernhard Ebbinghaus (2009): Varieties of Pension Governance: The Regulation of Private Pensions in Europe. [5th ECPR General Conference, Potsdam, 09/09/2009 - 11/09/2009]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2009): The Changing Public-Private Pension Mix in Europe: From Path Dependence to Path Departure. [Comparing Past and Present. Comparative and Historical Sociology Section of the ASA, University of California Berkeley, 11/08/2009 - 11/08/2009]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2009): The Changing Public-Private Pension Mix in Europe: From Path Dependence to Path Departure. [American Sociological Association, Annual Meeting, San Francisco, 06/08/2009 - 10/08/2009]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2009): International Policy Diffusion or Path Dependent Adaptation: The Changing Public-Private Pension Mix in Europe. [Social Policies: Local Experiments, Travelling Ideas, RC 19 Meeting, University of Montreal, 19/08/2009 - 21/08/2009]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2009): Financing European workers' right to decent, predictable and adequate retirement: a review of the European landscape a year into the crisis. [Capital Matters in Europe 2009, ETUI, Brussels, 09/12/2009 - 09/12/2009]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2009): Varieties of Pension Governance: The Regulation of Private Pensions in Europe. [Pension Seminar, LSE, London, 09/12/2009 - 09/12/2009]. More
  • Gronwald, Mareike, Tobias Wiß (2008): Supplementary pension systems in Europe: Germany in comparison. [Welfare State Institutions and Welfare State Outcomes, EQUALSOC/TRALEG-Workshop, Mannheim, 05/03/2008 - 07/03/2008]. More
  • Gronwald, Mareike (2008): The Changing Public-Private Mix : German Supplementary Pensions in Comparison. [4th International Conference on Welfare State Change: Policy Feedback, the Role of Ideas, and Incrementalism., Aalborg, 29/01/2008 - 31/01/2008]. More
  • Wiß, Tobias, Mareike Gronwald (2008): Germany - Departing from Bismarckian Pensions?. [Governance of Supplementary Pensions in Europe (GOSPE): Cross-national Variations in Participation and Social Inequality (GOSPE-workshop), Mannheim, 20/02/2008 - 22/02/2008]. More
  • Wiß, Tobias (2008): Changing Pension-Mix and Coordinated Market Economy. [ECPR Standing Group Regulatory Governance: (Re)-Regulation in the Wake of Neoliberalism, Utrecht, 04/06/2008 - 06/06/2008]. More
  • Gronwald, Mareike (2008): Supplementary pension systems in Europe: Germany in comparison. [ESPAnet Doctoral Research Workshop "The Politics of Recalibration: Welfare Reforms in the Wider Europe", Bologna, 04/06/2008 - 06/06/2008]. More
  • Wiß, Tobias (2008): Die Rolle der Sozialpartner im System der Alterssicherung in Deutschland. [7. Graduiertenkolloquium des Forschungsnetzwerkes Alterssicherung, Erkner, 09/07/2008 - 10/07/2008]. More
  • Wiß, Tobias (2008): From Above or from Below? State Regulation and Social Partners in Occupational Pensions in Germany. [6th Annual ESPAnet Conference 2008: Cross-Border Influence in Social Policy, Helsinki, 17/09/2008 - 19/09/2008]. More
  • Gronwald, Mareike (2008): Changing Public-Private Mix in Europe: Trans-national Convergence or Path-dependence?. [6th Annual ESPAnet Conference 2008: Cross-Border Influence in Social Policy, Helsinki, 17/09/2008 - 19/09/2008]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2008): Pfadabhängigkeit oder Pfadabweichungen? Institutioneller Wandel der Alterssicherung in Europa. [Center for Globalization and Goverance (CGG) Lecture Series, Hamburg, 04/11/2008 - 04/11/2008]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2008): Studying institutional change across time and space. [The Role of Ideas, Discourses and Frames in Welfare Policies, Ph.D. Research School, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 30/09/2008 - 02/10/2008]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2008): Pension Governance and Social Inequality in Old Age: A European Comparison. [EQUALSOC Midterm Conference, Berlin, 10/04/2008 - 11/04/2008]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard, Jörg Neugschwender (2008): Welchen Beitrag können Zusatzrentensysteme zur Vermeidung von Altersarmut leisten?. [Alterssicherung im internationalen Vergleich, Bensheim, 14/10/2008 - 16/10/2008]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2008): Pension Systems and Old Age Income in Europe. [Labor market flexibilization and its effects on the late career (FlexCareer), Universität Leipzig, 17/10/2008 - 17/10/2008]. More
  • Wiß, Tobias, Mareike Gronwald (2008): Germany - Departing from Bismarckian Public Pensions?. [Governance of Supplementary Pensions in Europe (GOSPE Final Project Conference), Mannheim, 03/12/2008 - 05/12/2008]. More
  • Wiß, Tobias (2008): Governance and Regulation of Supplementary Pensions in Europe. [Governance of Supplementary Pensions in Europe (GOSPE Final Project Conference), Mannheim, 03/12/2008 - 05/12/2008]. More
  • Gronwald, Mareike (2008): From Path Dependence to Path Departure: The Changing Public-Private Mix in Europe. [Governance of Supplementary Pensions in Europe (GOSPE Final Conference), Mannheim, 03/12/2008 - 05/12/2008]. More
  • Neugschwender, Jörg (2008): Supplementary Pensions in a Comparative Perspective: Inequality Patterns in Recipient's Share and Income. [Governance of Supplementary Pensions in Europe (GOSPE Final Project Conference), Mannheim, 03/12/2008 - 05/12/2008]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2007): Collective and State Regulation of Occupational Pensions in Europe. [Workshop on Korean Pension Policy in Comparative Context, Yonsei University, Seoul, 06/07/2007 - 06/07/2007]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2007): The Collective Regulation of Occupational Pensions in Europe, Japan, and the USA. [102nd Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, New York City, 10/08/2007 - 13/08/2007]. More
  • Schulze, Isabelle (2006): Electoral Threat in Pension Policy. [13th International FISS Research Seminar on Issues of Social Security "Social Protection in an Ageing World", Sigtuna, 15/06/2006 - 17/06/2006]. More
  • Schulze, Isabelle (2006): Electoral Threat: Pension Policy in Europe. [4th Annual ESPAnet Conference 2006 “Transformation of the Welfare State: Political Regulation and Social Inequality”; Stream 12 chaired by David Natali: “New Trends in Pension Policy and Politics”, Bremen, 20/09/2006 - 22/09/2006]. More
  • Schulze, Isabelle, Bernhard Ebbinghaus (2006): Krise und Reform der Alterssicherung in Europa. [Autorentagung des Archivs für Sozialgeschichte, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Bonn, 11/10/2006 - 12/10/2006]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2006): Are employment regimes in sync with "varieties of capitalism"? The Case of Early Retirement. [Lecture, Nuffield College, Oxford University, 31/10/2006 - 31/10/2006]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2006): Getting into and out of the Continental Impasse. [Method and Substance in Macro-Comparative Analysis, AIAS, University of Amsterdam, 06/04/2006 - 07/04/2006]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2006): The Better Side of Private Pensions: Collective and State Regulation of Occupational Pensions. [International Conference of the Council for European Studies, Chicago, 29/03/2006 - 31/03/2006]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2005): Der Anfang vom Ende der Frühverrentung? Reformerfahrungen in Europa, USA und Japan im Vergleich. [Alternswissenschaftliche und alternspolitische Vortragsreihe des Deutschen Zentrums für Altersfragen (DZA) - Kolloquium, Deutsches Zentrum für Altersfragen (DZA), Berlin, 14/09/2005 - 14/09/2005]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2005): The Better Side of Private Pensions: Collective and State Regulation of Occupational Pensions. [European Social Policy Analysis Network (ESPAnet), Fribourg, 21/09/2005 - 23/09/2005]. More
  • Ebbinghaus, Bernhard (2005): Social Partners between Welfare State and Market Economy: Early Retirement in Europe, Japan and the USA. [DAAD-Stipendiatentreffen, Universität Mannheim, 20/05/2005 - 20/05/2005]. More

Berichte

  • Neugschwender, Jörg (2011): Occupational Welfare Policies and Pension Income Inequalities: Case studies of pension systems in Denmark, Finland, and the United Kingdom . No. 561. More
  • Wiß, Tobias (2011): Pension Fund Capitalism and Financial Crisis. 126. Wien, Institut für Höhere Studien (IHS). More

Thesis

  • Wiß, Tobias (2010): Der Wandel der Alterssicherung in Deutschland: Die Rolle der Sozialpartner. 316. Mannheim, Universität Mannheim. More
  • Schulze, Isabelle (2006): Der Einfluss von Wahlsystemen auf Politikinhalte: Electoral Threat in der Rentenpolitik. 346. Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. More